become of

英 /bɪˈkʌm əv/美 /bɪˈkʌm əv/

v. 动词(固定搭配)

发生于;变成(常指不好的结果);遭遇

含义详解

become of 的核心含义是“(某人或某物)最终发生什么”,通常指一种结果或命运。它源于 become 的“变成”之意,但 of 的引入使主语成为被动的对象,强调“某种情况降临到某人头上”。最常见的用法是“What became of...?”(……后来怎么样了?),带有对未知结果的关切,且常暗示结果可能不佳。引申义为“遭遇”,如“I wonder what became of my old friends.”(我不知道我的老朋友们后来怎么样了。)在更正式的语境中,也可指“演变”,但较少见。

词源解析

become 源自古英语 becuman,意为“到来、发生”,由 be-(加强语气)和 cuman(来)构成。of 在此处表示“来自”或“关于”,整体字面意思为“什么来到某人身上”,即“发生在某人身上”。记忆时可联想“come upon”(降临),将 of 理解为“从……而来”,便于记住其被动意味。

使用场景

become of 常用于日常口语和文学作品中,表达对某人或某物命运的关切或好奇。在日常对话中,常用“What became of...?”询问旧识或过往事物的下落。在新闻报道中,可能用于报道失踪或事件后续,如“What became of the missing plane?”(失联飞机后来怎么样了?)。在文学作品里,它常渲染一种悬念或宿命感。语气上,它比“happen to”更正式,比“end up”更书面。在学术写作中较少使用,但在历史或社会学文本中可描述人物结局。

用法须知

become of 是固定短语,通常以“What became of + 名词/代词”的形式出现,其中 become 是不及物动词,of 后接宾语。该短语无被动语态,不用于进行时。注意主语必须是 what,不能是其他疑问词。例如,不能说“Where became of him?”,而应说“What became of him?”。此外,become 的时态变化:became of(过去时),has become of(现在完成时)。易错点:不要将 become of 与 become(变成)混淆,后者直接接名词或形容词。

近义辨析

become of 与 happen to 相近,但 happen to 更通用,可指好事或坏事,而 become of 常暗示未知且可能不好的结果。例如,“What happened to him?”(他发生了什么事?)中性;“What became of him?”(他后来怎么样了?)可能暗示他失踪或遭遇不幸。与 end up 相比,end up 强调最终状态,而 become of 强调过程与结果。与 befall 相比,befall 更正式、文学化,且主语是事件本身,如“A tragedy befell him.”(悲剧降临到他身上)。

使用提示

become of 属于中性偏正式语域,但在日常口语中常见。它不带明显褒贬,但语境常暗示负面或未知结果,因此用于正面结果时需谨慎。常见误用:将其与 become 混淆,或误用其他疑问词。另外,注意介词 of 不可省略,也不可替换为 with(如“What became with him?”是错误用法)。

常见搭配

  • what became of……后来怎么样了
  • whatever became of……究竟怎么样了
  • what has become of……现在怎么样了
  • become of someone/something发生在某人/某物身上
  • wonder what became of想知道……的后来
  • know what became of知道……的结果
  • ask what became of询问……的下落

用法示例

  1. What has become of my old school friend?我的老同学后来怎么样了?
  2. Whatever became of that plan to renovate the house?翻修房子的那个计划后来怎么样了?
  3. No one knows what became of the ancient civilization.没有人知道这个古代文明后来发生了什么。
  4. I wonder what will become of the company after the merger.我想知道合并后公司会变成什么样。
  5. What became of the money we donated?我们捐的钱后来到哪里去了?