such as to

英 /sʌtʃ əz tuː/美 /sʌtʃ æz tuː/

phrase (固定搭配)

如此以至于;达到...的程度

含义详解

该短语的核心含义是“如此...以至于”,表示程度达到某种结果或状态。本义为“像这样以至于”,由“such”表示“这样的”,“as to”表示“以至于”,合在一起构成因果关系。引申义包括:1)表示结果,如“such as to cause confusion”意为“以至于引起困惑”;2)表示目的,如“such as to enable”意为“以便能够”;3)在某些语境中,可表示“符合某种标准”,如“such as to merit attention”意为“值得关注”。各义项均围绕“程度-结果”这一逻辑关系展开。

词源解析

该短语由三个词构成:“such”源自古英语“swylc”,意为“这样的”;“as”源自古英语“ealswa”,意为“同样地”;“to”源自古英语“tō”,表示方向或目的。三者组合后,在英语中逐渐固定为一个表示程度与结果关系的短语,类似于拉丁语中的“talis ut”。记忆时可将其拆解为“such”(这样)和“as to”(以至于),整体理解为“这样以至于”。

使用场景

该短语多用于正式语境,如学术写作、法律文本、新闻报道等,以表达严谨的逻辑关系。在学术写作中,它常用于描述实验条件或理论假设,如“The sample was prepared such as to ensure homogeneity.”(样品经过制备,以确保均匀性)。在法律文本中,它用于界定条款的范围,如“...such as to constitute a breach of contract.”(...以至于构成违约)。在日常口语中较少使用,可能显得过于正式,但偶尔在书面语或正式演讲中听到。语气上,它比“so...that”更正式,且更强调目的性。

用法须知

该短语通常后接不定式,构成“such as to + 动词原形”结构,在句中作结果状语或目的状语。它常与“be”动词连用,如“The problem is such as to require immediate action.”(问题如此严重,以至于需要立即行动)。也可用于“such...as to”结构,其中“such”后接名词,如“He made such a noise as to wake everyone.”(他弄出这么大的噪音,以至于吵醒了所有人)。易错点在于:1)不要与“such...that”混淆,后者后接从句,而本短语后接不定式;2)“such as”单独使用表示“例如”,与本短语不同。

近义辨析

与“such as to”近义的短语包括“so...that”和“in order to”。“so...that”更常用,后接从句,且语气更口语化,如“He was so tired that he fell asleep.”;“in order to”仅表示目的,不强调程度,如“He studied hard in order to pass the exam.”。而“such as to”既强调程度又隐含目的性,且更正式。在需要表达“如此...以至于”且后接动词不定式时,用“such as to”;若后接从句,则用“so...that”。在正式写作中,“such as to”比“so...that”更简洁、更书面。

使用提示

该短语属于正式语域,通常用于书面语或正式演讲,在口语中显得生硬。它没有明显的褒贬色彩,仅表示逻辑关系。常见误用包括:1)将其与“such as”混淆,后者表示“例如”;2)误用“such...as to”的语序,如将“such a noise as to”错写成“such as a noise to”;3)在非正式场合使用,导致语气不协调。使用时应注意与“such...that”的区别,并确保后接不定式而非从句。

常见搭配

  • such as to + verb如此以至于(后接动词)
  • such ... as to如此...以至于
  • be such as to达到...的程度
  • such as to require以至于需要
  • such as to cause以至于引起
  • such as to make以至于使得
  • such as to ensure以确保

用法示例

  1. The evidence was such as to convince the jury of his innocence.证据如此充分,以至于让陪审团相信他是无辜的。
  2. He arranged the meeting such as to avoid any conflict with other appointments.他安排会议的时间,以便避免与其他预约冲突。
  3. The storm was such as to cause widespread damage to the coast.风暴如此猛烈,以至于对海岸造成了广泛的破坏。
  4. Her speech was such as to inspire everyone in the audience.她的演讲如此感人,以至于激励了在场的每一个人。
  5. The terms of the contract are such as to require careful review.合同条款如此复杂,以至于需要仔细审查。
  6. The book is written in such a style as to appeal to both children and adults.这本书的风格如此独特,以至于对儿童和成人都很有吸引力。